Under what circumstances, if any, will a converging lens form an inverted image of a real object? Under what circumstances, if any, will a diverging lens forms an erect image of a real object?
http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/geoopt/raydiag.html#c1
i need help with a question
To determine under what circumstances a converging lens will form an inverted image of a real object, we can refer to the properties of converging lenses. First, let's understand the behavior of light rays when passing through a converging lens.
A converging lens has a thicker middle and thinner edges. When a parallel beam of light rays passes through a converging lens, the lens will converge or focus the rays towards a point called the focal point. The position of the focal point depends on the shape and curvature of the lens.
Now, let's consider the scenario of forming an inverted image of a real object using a converging lens. To achieve this, the object should be positioned beyond the focal point of the lens. In this case, the light rays from the object will converge before reaching the lens, resulting in the formation of a real, inverted image on the opposite side of the lens.
Alternatively, if the object is positioned between the lens and its focal point, the light rays will still converge but will begin to diverge again after passing through the lens. This will lead to the formation of a virtual, upright image on the same side of the lens as the object.
Moving on to the circumstances under which a diverging lens forms an erect image of a real object, let's explore the behavior of light rays passing through a diverging lens.
A diverging lens has a thinner middle and thicker edges, causing light rays passing through it to diverge or spread out. The diverging lens has a focal point on each side, but we are primarily interested in the behavior on the side that faces the object.
In the case of a diverging lens forming an erect image of a real object, the object is positioned on the same side of the lens as the observer. When the light rays from the object pass through the lens, they continue to diverge, and their extensions appear to intersect at a point behind the lens. This intersection point is where the erect, virtual image is formed for the observer.
It's important to note that diverging lenses always produce virtual images that are upright since the light rays never actually converge to form a real image.
To fully grasp these concepts and visualize the formation of real and virtual images using converging and diverging lenses, referring to a ray diagram or exploring interactive simulations, such as the one in the link you provided, can be extremely helpful. The diagram allows you to manipulate object positions and observe changes in image formation, reinforcing the understanding of these lens behaviors.
A converging lens will form an inverted image of a real object under the following circumstances:
1. When the object is placed beyond the lens's focal point (F).
2. When the object is placed at the lens's focal point (F), resulting in a parallel beam of light rays emerging from the lens.
3. When the object is placed between the lens and its focal point (F), resulting in a virtual, magnified, and upright image.
On the other hand, a diverging lens will form an erect image of a real object under the following circumstances:
1. When the object is placed anywhere in front of the lens.
2. When the object is placed beyond the lens's focal point (F) but closer to the lens than its 2F point, resulting in a smaller, virtual, and upright image.
3. When the object is placed at the 2F point, resulting in a virtual image at the same size as the object but inverted.
4. When the object is placed beyond the 2F point, resulting in a smaller, real, and inverted image.
Please note that the exact characteristics of the image formed by a lens depend on the positioning of the object relative to the lens and the specific focal length of the lens.