What is the charatteristic of covalent bonding meaining what happens and then what is the result from what happened (like does it form a molecule, compund, etc. . .

Same thing for ionic bodnging

The ionic part is discussed below. Look for a chemistry post by smooches. Here is quick summary.
Ionic bonds are formed when a metal loses electrons (it becomes a + charged ion) to a non-metal (it becomes a - charged ion). The ionic bond is the attraction for the + and - ions for each other. Characteristics include the following:
Most are crystalline solids at room temperature.
The have high melting points and boiling points.
They conduct electicity in the molten state and when dissolved in water.
They are extremely polar.
Most are soluble in water but not in non-polar solvents.

Covalent bonds are formed when two or more atoms SHARE (as opposed to transferring as in ionic bonds) electrons. They form compounds that may or may not be polar. The polarity depends upon the differences in electronegativity of the elements combined. Non-polar covalently bonded compounds are gases or volatile liquids at room temperture, the compounds consist of separate molecules (as opposed to a three-dimensional array of + and - ions in a solid crystal in ionic bonds), they have low melting and boiling points, non-polar compuonds do not conduct electricity (polar covalent compounds will when dissolved in water), non-polar covalently bonded compounds do not dissolve in water but will dissolve in non-polar solvents. I hope this covers all of your question. If not just repost as an appendage to this reply.

Covalent bonding occurs when two or more atoms share electrons. This type of bonding results in the formation of molecules or compounds. The characteristics of covalent bonding are as follows:

1. Covalent compounds can be either polar or non-polar, depending on the differences in electronegativity between the atoms involved. If the electronegativity difference is significant, the bond is polar, and if it is minimal or nonexistent, the bond is non-polar.

2. Non-polar covalent compounds are typically gases or volatile liquids at room temperature. This is because the intermolecular forces between the molecules are weak, allowing them to easily separate and exist as individual molecules.

3. Covalent compounds have low melting and boiling points compared to ionic compounds. This is because the intermolecular forces in covalent compounds are weaker than the electrostatic forces between ions in ionic compounds.

4. Non-polar covalent compounds do not conduct electricity. This is because they do not have charged particles that can move freely to carry electric current.

5. Non-polar covalent compounds do not dissolve in water but will dissolve in non-polar solvents. Water is a polar solvent, and non-polar compounds are generally not soluble in it. However, they can dissolve in non-polar solvents like hexane or carbon tetrachloride.

It is important to note that covalent compounds can also form networks or lattices, such as in the case of diamond or silicon dioxide, where each atom is covalently bonded to multiple neighbors, resulting in a three-dimensional structure.

If you have any further questions about covalent bonding or any other topic, feel free to ask!