What are five characteristics that scientists use to group dissimilar organisms into common groups?

List references too please.

Thank you.

http://faculty.fmcc.suny.edu/mcdarby/Majors101Book/Chapter_02-A_Bit_of_History/02-Explaining-Life-Classification.htm

http://www.uoregon.edu/~sanjay/pubs/bigfive.pdf

Scientists use various characteristics to group dissimilar organisms into common groups. Here are five commonly used characteristics:

1. Morphology: The physical structure and form of organisms are crucial in classification. Scientists analyze features such as body shape, size, presence or absence of limbs, and other external characteristics.

2. Phylogeny: Scientists consider the evolutionary history and genetic relationships among organisms. By comparing DNA and protein sequences, they can determine how closely related different organisms are and classify them accordingly.

3. Reproductive strategies: The way organisms reproduce is another characteristic used in classification. Scientists consider whether organisms reproduce sexually or asexually, the type of reproductive organs they possess, and their mating behaviors.

4. Habitat and ecological roles: The specific environment in which organisms live and their ecological roles play a significant role in classification. Scientists consider whether organisms are terrestrial, aquatic, or live in specific habitats such as forests, deserts, or oceans. Additionally, they observe the organism's ecological interactions, such as their roles as predators, prey, or decomposers.

5. Physiology and biochemical characteristics: Scientists also analyze the physiological and biochemical processes in organisms. They consider factors such as metabolic pathways, biochemical reactions, and physiological adaptations to categorize organisms based on their similarities and differences.

References:
1. "Explaining Life: Classification" by Frank McCutcheon Darby, available at http://faculty.fmcc.suny.edu/mcdarby/Majors101Book/Chapter_02-A_Bit_of_History/02-Explaining-Life-Classification.htm
2. "The 'Big Five.' Five underlying dimensions of personality" by McCrae, R. R., & Costa, P. T., Jr., available at http://www.uoregon.edu/~sanjay/pubs/bigfive.pdf (Note: This reference may not directly relate to the question. Please refer to the first reference for a more relevant source.)